当前价格偏高，不妨再等等
1/5
CNCTION 康耐信 IAF-N5000-4L 赛扬版 软路由台式机 黑色（赛扬J4125、核芯显卡、16GB、512GB SSD、被动散热）
价格趋势
数据由什么值得买整理提供
180天
60天
30天
商品笔记
真实的值友购后体验
PC物语
康耐信该款软路由，搭载赛扬J4125处理器，四核四线程，主频2.0GHz，主板集成4个英特尔(Intel I225-V)2500兆以太网电接口，采用Intel 10M-2500M以太网控制器，网卡总线采用PCI-E接口、上机实测试流量超过 2500M/S。内存支持DDR4版本协议，支持一个2.5英寸mSATA 固态硬盘，1个MINIPCI接口USB通道，支持加装4G模块，整机无风扇设计，机箱被动散热，支持爱快、 PVE、ESXi、 PFSense等。产品尺寸为126*134*40.6 MM。
技术宅是我梦想
1月前发布
小主机 N100 玩转指南（二）—— 内核补丁
继续我们的康耐信小主机玩转指南，上期做了硬件直通的介绍，还有显卡 SR-IOV 的设置，这一篇主要是介绍这款小主机需要打的内核补丁。我下面会做一个详细说明N100 内核补丁这个小主机需要打两个补丁，一个是关于显卡 sriov 的补丁,另外一个是关于风扇的补丁 IT87.显卡补丁 i915-sriov-dkms 这个在上篇已经介绍了。风扇 IT87 补丁项目都在github，大家搜索可以下载，为了比较懒的小伙伴，我计划把修改好的内核上传到 github，大家可以直接下载到，再做个脚本文件，全自动化也不是不可以，一键脚本？IT87 补丁这篇主要介绍风扇驱动的 it87 补丁, 下载关键字：a1wong/it87下载补丁安装补丁Building & Installing --------------------- * make clean * make * sudo make install Using DKMS ---------- To install: * sudo make dkms To remove: * sudo make dkms_clean搞完了以后还需要添加一个驱动启用文件编辑 /etc/modules-load.d/it87.conf添加 it87大家可以用我提供的现成的命令执行：echo "it87" > /etc/modules-load.d/it87.conf还是常规，更新initramfsUpdate-initramfs -u -k all重启reboot检查是否成功检查驱动是否加载lsmod | grep it87需要先安装 lm-sensors安装apt install lm-sensor传感器检测sensors-detect --auto如果内核补丁打好了，就会如下显示：注意会出现 fan也就是风扇.fan2: 514 RPM (min = 10 RPM)如果没打补丁，会检测不到风扇。# sensors coretemp-isa-0000 # cpu 核心温度 Adapter: ISA adapter Package id 0: +46.0°C (high = +105.0°C, crit = +105.0°C) Core 0: +43.0°C (high = +105.0°C, crit = +105.0°C) Core 1: +43.0°C (high = +105.0°C, crit = +105.0°C) Core 2: +43.0°C (high = +105.0°C, crit = +105.0°C) Core 3: +43.0°C (high = +105.0°C, crit = +105.0°C) nvme-pci-0500 # 这里是 nvme 的温度 Adapter: PCI adapter Composite: +43.9°C (low = -273.1°C, high = +89.8°C) (crit = +94.8°C) Sensor 1: +44.9°C (low = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C) Sensor 2: +49.9°C (low = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C) it8613-isa-0a30 # 这里IT87传感器，我们打补丁的目的，风扇速度啥的出来了！ Adapter: ISA adapter in0: 748.00 mV (min = +2.50 V, max = +0.66 V) ALARM in1: 1.20 V (min = +0.89 V, max = +1.67 V) in2: 2.01 V (min = +2.20 V, max = +0.04 V) ALARM in4: 2.02 V (min = +0.08 V, max = +0.02 V) ALARM in5: 1.99 V (min = +0.40 V, max = +0.57 V) ALARM 3VSB: 3.28 V (min = +3.76 V, max = +2.31 V) ALARM Vbat: 2.73 V +3.3V: 3.28 V fan2: 514 RPM (min = 10 RPM) # 风扇转速 fan3: 0 RPM (min = 13 RPM) ALARM temp1: +54.0°C (low = +49.0°C, high = -87.0°C) ALARM sensor = thermal diode temp2: +44.0°C (low = -2.0°C, high = +124.0°C) sensor = thermal diode temp3: +54.0°C (low = +35.0°C, high = +48.0°C) ALARM intrusion0: ALARM 很显然我这个已经成功了！感谢阅读快来点赞、评论、关注一键三连！欢迎加入圈子！
技术宅是我梦想
1月前发布
康耐信N100小主机玩转指南，显卡SR-IOV
N100 玩转指南双十一通过站内链接，入手了这个性价比爆棚的N100小主机，正在折腾，所以在这里分享一下折腾经历！安装PVE搞定硬件直通十二代CPU的显卡 SR-IOV安装PVE制作安装介质下载 PVE 最新版 iso制作安装介质GNU Linux# dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ MacOS打开Terminal转换 .iso 文件到 .dmg 用这个 hdiutil# hdiutil convert proxmox-ve_*.iso -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg 获取磁盘序列# diskutil list 卸载需要写入的U盘# diskutil list # diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX dd 制作启动盘# sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg bs=1M of=/dev/rdiskX Windows用 rufus 工具开始安装BIOS 设置U盘启动进入启动菜单图形安装方式Console安装方式开启硬件直通添加PVE源 apt listecho "deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve bookworm pve-no-subscription" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve.list apt update BIOS 相关设置开启VT-d - IOMMUVT-x添加 kernel cmdlineGrub 设置编辑 /etc/default/grubGRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quite" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pci_pt_e820_access=on pci=assign-busses pcie_acs_override=downstream" kernel 内核模块设置#!/bin/sh cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/vfio.conf /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf 更新 grub & initramfs# update-initramfs -u -k all # update-grub # proxmox-boot-tool refresh 检查IOMMU 是否设置成功dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU 输出类似如下：[ 0.000000] Warning: PCIe ACS overrides enabled; This may allow non-IOMMU protected peer-to-peer DMA [ 0.007697] ACPI: DMAR 0x0000000079195C18 0000A8 (v01 INTEL EDK2 00000002 01000013) [ 0.007741] ACPI: Reserving DMAR table memory at [mem 0x79195c18-0x79195cbf] [ 0.130354] DMAR: IOMMU enabled [ 0.388873] DMAR: Host address width 39 [ 0.389091] DMAR: DRHD base: 0x000000fed90000 flags: 0x0 [ 0.389318] DMAR: dmar0: reg_base_addr fed90000 ver 1:0 cap 1c0000c40660462 ecap 19e2ff0505e DMAR: IOMMU enabled 注意输出有这个就是成功了！由于N100主机只支持 EFI启动，我遇到最大的坑就在这里我用的是zfs文件系统，PVE在EFI启动过程使用的是systemd-boot，没有使用grub，所以上面添加 kernel cmdline的方法是不管用的，需要修改loader.confSystems-boot kernel cmdline 修改修改 /etc/kernel/cmdline# cat /etc/kernel/cmdline root=ZFS=rpool/ROOT/pve-1 boot=zfs intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pci_pt_e820_access=on pci=assign-busses pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction # update-initramfs -u -k all 显卡SR-IOV安装内核工具apt install build-* dkms下载内核补丁注意：内核补丁还在测试，不建议用在生产环境下载github源码 i915-sriov-dkms进入下载的目录，修改PACKAGE_NAME to i915-sriov-dkms, 修改 PACKAGE_VERSION to 6.2. 保存文件。目前PVE的内核用的是 6.2# uname -ar Linux n100 6.2.16-3-pve #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC PVE 6.2.16-3 (2023-06-17T05:58Z) x86_64 GNU/Linux 拷贝这个目录到 /usr/src/i915-sriov-dkms-6.2安装dkms模块dkms -i -m i915-sriov-dkms -v 6.2安装 sysfsutilsecho "devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/sriov_numvfs = 7" > /etc/sysfs.conf修改内核参数这里vfs就是虚拟显卡的数量，最大多少我没查，这里我设置的是3。intel_iommu=on i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=3 grub修改 /etc/defautl/grub 添加到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quite"这句里面Systems-boot我用的zfs 所以修改是这种方式/etc/kernel/cmdline修改成root=ZFS=rpool/ROOT/pve-1 boot=zfs intel_iommu=on iommu=pt i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=3 pci_pt_e820_access=on pci=assign-busses pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction 更新内核和 initramfsupdate-initramfs -u -k allproxmox-boot-tool refresh锁定内核由于最新的内核没有headers提供，为了避免更新把这个内核顶了，我们要锁定目前编译好的内核！ # proxmox-boot-tool kernel pin 6.2.16-3-pve重启reboot检查是否显卡 SR-IOV是否成功lcpci | grep -i vga输出如下，就是成功了！00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N [UHD Graphics] 00:02.1 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N [UHD Graphics] 00:02.2 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N [UHD Graphics] 00:02.3 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N [UHD Graphics] 或者如下输出，看到我的已经开启了3个虚拟显卡# dmesg | grep i915 [ 0.000000] Command line: initrd=EFIproxmox6.2.16-3-pveinitrd.img-6.2.16-3-pve root=ZFS=rpool/ROOT/pve-1 boot=zfs intel_iommu=on iommu=pt i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=3 pci_pt_e820_access=on pci=assign-busses pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction [ 0.077241] Kernel command line: initrd=EFIproxmox6.2.16-3-pveinitrd.img-6.2.16-3-pve root=ZFS=rpool/ROOT/pve-1 boot=zfs intel_iommu=on iommu=pt i915.enable_guc=3 i915.max_vfs=3 pci_pt_e820_access=on pci=assign-busses pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction [ 4.811959] i915 0000:00:02.0: Running in SR-IOV PF mode [ 4.812864] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] VT-d active for gfx access [ 4.813302] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: deactivate vga console [ 4.813362] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] Using Transparent Hugepages [ 4.813758] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=io+memwns=io+mem [ 4.814738] mei_hdcp 0000:00:16.0-b638ab7e-94e2-4ea2-a552-d1c54b627f04: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_hdcp_component_ops [i915]) [ 4.815136] i915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/adlp_dmc.bin failed with error -2 [ 4.817242] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] Finished loading DMC firmware i915/adlp_dmc_ver2_16.bin (v2.16) [ 4.822141] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GT0: GuC firmware i915/tgl_guc_70.bin version 70.5.1 [ 4.822154] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GT0: HuC firmware i915/tgl_huc.bin version 7.9.3 [ 4.827027] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GT0: HuC: authenticated for all workloads! [ 4.827569] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GT0: GUC: submission enabled [ 4.827574] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GT0: GUC: SLPC enabled [ 4.827921] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] GuC RC: enabled [ 4.828778] mei_pxp 0000:00:16.0-fbf6fcf1-96cf-4e2e-a6a6-1bab8cbe36b1: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_pxp_tee_component_ops [i915]) [ 4.828956] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] Protected Xe Path (PXP) protected content support initialized [ 4.854926] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20201103 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0 [ 4.856871] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_audio_component_bind_ops [i915]) [ 4.857105] i915 0000:00:02.0: 3 VFs could be associated with this PF [ 4.887664] fbcon: i915drmfb (fb0) is primary device [ 4.972789] i915 0000:00:02.0: [drm] fb0: i915drmfb frame buffer device [ 5.638917] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=nonewns=io+mem [ 5.639816] i915 0000:00:02.1: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [ 5.640648] i915 0000:00:02.1: Running in SR-IOV VF mode [ 5.641809] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.643254] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] VT-d active for gfx access [ 5.644017] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] Using Transparent Hugepages [ 5.645371] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.646658] i915 0000:00:02.1: GuC firmware PRELOADED version 1.0 submission:SR-IOV VF [ 5.647370] i915 0000:00:02.1: HuC firmware PRELOADED [ 5.650198] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] Protected Xe Path (PXP) protected content support initialized [ 5.650917] i915 0000:00:02.1: [drm] PMU not supported for this GPU. [ 5.651749] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20201103 for 0000:00:02.1 on minor 1 [ 5.656497] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=none,decodes=nonewns=io+mem [ 5.657170] i915 0000:00:02.1: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=nonewns=none [ 5.657938] i915 0000:00:02.2: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [ 5.658678] i915 0000:00:02.2: Running in SR-IOV VF mode [ 5.659806] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.661509] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] VT-d active for gfx access [ 5.662199] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] Using Transparent Hugepages [ 5.663417] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.665322] i915 0000:00:02.2: GuC firmware PRELOADED version 1.0 submission:SR-IOV VF [ 5.665956] i915 0000:00:02.2: HuC firmware PRELOADED [ 5.668308] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] Protected Xe Path (PXP) protected content support initialized [ 5.668947] i915 0000:00:02.2: [drm] PMU not supported for this GPU.[ 5.669666] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20201103 for 0000:00:02.2 on minor 2 [ 5.673931] i915 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=none,decodes=nonewns=io+mem [ 5.674572] i915 0000:00:02.1: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=none,decodes=nonewns=none [ 5.675219] i915 0000:00:02.2: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=nonewns=none [ 5.675964] i915 0000:00:02.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [ 5.676640] i915 0000:00:02.3: Running in SR-IOV VF mode [ 5.677500] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.678512] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] VT-d active for gfx access [ 5.679186] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] Using Transparent Hugepages [ 5.680354] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] GT0: GUC: interface version 0.1.0.0 [ 5.681176] i915 0000:00:02.3: GuC firmware PRELOADED version 1.0 submission:SR-IOV VF [ 5.681765] i915 0000:00:02.3: HuC firmware PRELOADED [ 5.684137] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] Protected Xe Path (PXP) protected content support initialized [ 5.684777] i915 0000:00:02.3: [drm] PMU not supported for this GPU. [ 5.685487] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20201103 for 0000:00:02.3 on minor 3 [ 5.686338] i915 0000:00:02.0: Enabled 3 VFs 感谢阅读虚拟机虚拟显卡搞定，下期再续！今天就到这里了，至于虚拟机如何使用这个显卡，后续再更新！
发布晒物，帮助值友做消费决策
写笔记
家用电脑选购指南
解决你的购物难题